必备|标点符号如何翻译？（附使用规则）， Comma（逗号）

1．分隔并列成分

We are tired, hungry and dilate. /Washington was said to be first in war, first in peace, and first in the hearts of his countrymen. /We were taught how to sit gracefully, how to walk. how to converse politely.

2．分隔并列句中的分句

It snowed all night, and the schools were closed the next day. / We must leave now, or we will miss the plane. / I tried to sleep, but my neighbour's dog made that impossible. /It is an imperfect system,yet it is better than none.

3．分隔对比或对照成分

He is sick, not drunk. /The more haste, the less speed.

4．分隔非限定性修饰语、同位语或附加说明的词语

He found the Paper on the roof, where the newsboy had thrown it. The the who had cared through the window, went straight to the safe. /They want us, you and me, to go there. /I have to get up early, particularly on Sundays.

5．分隔附加疑问句或选择疑问句

Tom didn't take it, did he? / Which pencil do you prefer. the red one or the blue one?

6．分隔直接引语和导语

Only a fool. "Sherman said, " would carry on like that.

7．表示省略相同词语

Some went to the right; others, to the left.

8. 分隔句首状语

Usually, he is dressed in blue jeans. / Except for physics, my courses are not difficult. /When he found that his parents had deserted him, he sat down to cry.

9，常用以分隔用作独立成分、状语等的下列词语

Honestly, that's all the money I have. /Personally, I prefer the other one. /Unfortunately, they were out when I called. /To tell you the truth, I was very frightened

1) actually, basically, briefly fortunately,frankly, honestly, hopefully, incidentally,luckily, naturally, personally, unfortunately, to tell the truth

2) anyhow, anyway, besides, consequent,furthermore, however, likewise, moreover, nevertheless, otherwise, therefore;

3)first(ly), second(ly ), last(ly), finally,first of all. after all, above all, in other words, for example, for instance, that is,namely, i.e., e. g.

4)in short, in fact, in conclusion, in a few words, as a result, as a matter of fact, on the contrary, on the other hand;

5) of course, by the way, sure enough, between you and me, believe it or not;

6)I think, I believe, I suppose, you know,you see, In my opinion;

7)yes, no, well, oh

Anyhow, even if the problem does arise, it wont affect us. /I don’t want to go; besides, I’m too tired. /This is, however, another side to this problem.

This is our most disastrous and embarrassing defeat eve: in short, a fiasco. /I don’t like him, in fact,I hate him. /On the contrary, it hardly ever rains.

It's strange, you know, that he hasn’t passed the exam. /In my opinion, he is right.

Yes, times have changed. /Well, not much can be done about it now. /Oh, David, come here a moment! /Oh no, not again!

10．分隔日期、数字、地点

Firstly, let me deal with the most important difficulty. /The cinema is only open to adults, i. e.,people over 18.

June 12, 1991/It was on Friday, May 16, in Los Angeles. /The price of this sedan car is $12,300./He lives at 1515 Halsted Street.Chicago, Illinois.

11．分隔人名与职称、头衔或倒置姓名

I asked my boss for a month's holiday and, believe it or not, he agreed! /By the way, have you seen Tom recently?

12．分隔呼语

R W. Leeds, M. D. /George Washington, President/Smith, John W., Jr.

I would like to ask you, Mr. Jones, for your opinion. /Will you see if the door is closed, Janet? /Sir,I'd like to ask a question.

13．用于信件的称呼语之后（美国用法中多用冒号）或结束语之后

Dear Mary, /Sincerely yours, /Yours truly,

英语中的逗号有什么用途？

逗号，英语单词是comma ；与汉语中常见的逗号稍微有些长相不同；汉语用的是“全角”符号“，”；而英文的印刷体呈现的“半角”，即“, ”。

学英语的朋友常常因为句子中的逗号以及连接词and的用法感到很纠结；什么时候用逗号，什么时候用and，必须搞清楚。

英语的句子一般只能够有一个主语和谓语；如果出现两个或者以上的主语以及谓语，就必须根据句子的逻辑分清楚是“并列句”还是“主从句”。

如果是并列句，就必须用逗号加上and连接词；如果是复合句(主从句)，就要考虑选择适当的“关系词”(代词或者副词)，比如说that、when、how，等等。

除此以外，英语的逗号还可以用在表示超过三位的大数时；比如说要表示一千，就可以用1, 000；每三个数字分隔起来以便阅读；

英语里面还有一个和逗号长得一模一样的标点符号，即表示所有格的apostrophe ；比如说John’ family；China’ garden。

汉语中的逗号和英语逗号的用法略有不同；比如说汉语句子的主谓结构比较长的时候，可以用逗号表示停顿，比如下面这个句子——

必须懂得，了解如何正确使用标点符号是中学生的基本功。

如果用英语来表示同样的句子，就必须用“连接词”而不用逗号隔开——

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