给定一个二叉树,判断它是否是高度平衡的二叉树。
本题中,一棵高度平衡二叉树定义为:
一个二叉树每个节点 的左右两个子树的高度差的绝对值不超过 1 。
示例 1:

输入:root = [3,9,20,null,null,15,7]
输出:true
示例 2:

输入:root = [1,2,2,3,3,null,null,4,4]
输出:false
示例 3:
输入:root = []
输出:true
提示:
[0, 5000] 内-104 <= Node.val <= 104/*** Definition for a binary tree node.* struct TreeNode {* int val;* TreeNode *left;* TreeNode *right;* TreeNode() : val(0), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}* TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}* TreeNode(int x, TreeNode *left, TreeNode *right) : val(x), left(left), right(right) {}* };*/
class Solution {
public:// 递归三要素// 1.函数参数int getHeight(TreeNode *node) {// 停止条件if (node == nullptr) return 0;int leftH = getHeight(node->left);// 是否已超过 1 if (leftH == -1) return -1;int rightH = getHeight(node->right);// 是否已超过 1 if (rightH == -1) return -1;// 高度差是否超过 1 。大于返回 -1if (abs(leftH - rightH) > 1) {return -1;}else{// 计算当前最大return 1 + max(leftH, rightH);}}bool isBalanced(TreeNode* root) {return getHeight(root) == -1 ? false : true; }
};
# Definition for a binary tree node.
# class TreeNode:
# def __init__(self, val=0, left=None, right=None):
# self.val = val
# self.left = left
# self.right = right
class Solution:def getHeight(self, root):if not root:return 0lh = self.getHeight(root.left)if lh == -1:return -1rh = self.getHeight(root.right)if rh == -1:return -1if abs(lh - rh) > 1:return -1else:return (1 + max(lh, rh))def isBalanced(self, root: Optional[TreeNode]) -> bool:if self.getHeight(root) == -1:return Falseelse:return True
给你一个二叉树的根节点 root ,按 任意顺序 ,返回所有从根节点到叶子节点的路径。
叶子节点 是指没有子节点的节点。
示例 1:

输入:root = [1,2,3,null,5]
输出:["1->2->5","1->3"]
示例 2:
输入:root = [1]
输出:["1"]
提示:
[1, 100] 内-100 <= Node.val <= 100/*** Definition for a binary tree node.* struct TreeNode {* int val;* TreeNode *left;* TreeNode *right;* TreeNode() : val(0), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}* TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}* TreeNode(int x, TreeNode *left, TreeNode *right) : val(x), left(left), right(right) {}* };*/
class Solution {
public:// 递归三要素。void path(TreeNode * node, vector& pathVec, vector& sPath) {// 最后也要加入pathVec.push_back(node->val);// 停止条件if (node->left == nullptr && node->right == nullptr) {// 组合字符串string str;for (int i = 0 ; i < pathVec.size() - 1; i++) {str += to_string(pathVec[i]);str += "->";}str += to_string(pathVec[pathVec.size() - 1]);sPath.push_back(str);return;}// 单次遍历if (node->left) {path(node->left, pathVec, sPath);// 回溯pathVec.pop_back();}if (node->right) {path(node->right, pathVec, sPath);pathVec.pop_back();}}vector binaryTreePaths(TreeNode* root) {vector pathVec;vector sPath;path(root, pathVec, sPath);return sPath;}
};
# Definition for a binary tree node.
# class TreeNode:
# def __init__(self, val=0, left=None, right=None):
# self.val = val
# self.left = left
# self.right = right
class Solution:def __init__(self):self.intPath = []self.strPath = []def path(self, node):self.intPath.append(node.val)# 停止条件if not node.left and not node.right:# 组合字符串s = ""for i in range(len(self.intPath)-1):s += str(self.intPath[i])s += "->"s += str(self.intPath[len(self.intPath) - 1])self.strPath.append(s)returnif node.left:self.path(node.left)self.intPath.pop()if node.right:self.path(node.right)self.intPath.pop()def binaryTreePaths(self, root: Optional[TreeNode]) -> List[str]:self.path(root)return self.strPath
给定二叉树的根节点 root ,返回所有左叶子之和。
示例 1:

输入: root = [3,9,20,null,null,15,7]
输出: 24
解释: 在这个二叉树中,有两个左叶子,分别是 9 和 15,所以返回 24
示例 2:
输入: root = [1]
输出: 0
提示:
[1, 1000] 范围内-1000 <= Node.val <= 1000/*** Definition for a binary tree node.* struct TreeNode {* int val;* TreeNode *left;* TreeNode *right;* TreeNode() : val(0), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}* TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}* TreeNode(int x, TreeNode *left, TreeNode *right) : val(x), left(left), right(right) {}* };*/
class Solution {
public:int leaves(TreeNode * node) {// 停止条件if (node == nullptr) return 0;if (node->left == nullptr && node->right == nullptr) return 0;// 计算int leftVal = leaves(node->left);// 左叶子不为空,但是其左右孩子为空,就是最后的左叶子TreeNode * curNode = node->left;if (curNode != nullptr &&curNode->left == nullptr && curNode->right == nullptr) {leftVal = curNode->val;}// 计算int rightVal = leaves(node->right);int sum = leftVal + rightVal;return sum;}int sumOfLeftLeaves(TreeNode* root) {return leaves(root);}
};
# Definition for a binary tree node.
# class TreeNode:
# def __init__(self, val=0, left=None, right=None):
# self.val = val
# self.left = left
# self.right = right
class Solution:def sumOfLeftLeaves(self, root: Optional[TreeNode]) -> int:if not root:return 0if not root.left and not root.right:return 0lsum = self.sumOfLeftLeaves(root.left)if root.left != None and root.left.left == None and root.left.right==None:lsum = root.left.valrsum = self.sumOfLeftLeaves(root.right)return (lsum + rsum)