1, Shiro:是一个强大且易用的Java安全框架,执行身份验证、授权、密码和会话管理。
使用Shiro的易于理解的API,可以快速、轻松地获得任何应用程序,从最小的移动应用程序到最大的网络和企业应用程序。
2,三大组件:Subject、SecurityManager、Realm
Subject:
即“当前操作用户”。但是,在Shiro中,Subject这一概念并不仅仅指人,也可以是第三方进程、后台帐户(Daemon Account)或其他类似事物。它仅仅意味着“当前跟软件交互的东西”。Subject代表了当前用户的安全操作,SecurityManager则管理所有用户的安全操作。
SecurityManager:
它是Shiro框架的核心,典型的Facade模式,Shiro通过SecurityManager来管理内部组件实例,并通过它来提供安全管理的各种服务。Realm:
Realm充当了Shiro与应用安全数据间的“桥梁”或者“连接器”。也就是说,当对用户执行认证(登录)和授权(访问控制)验证时,Shiro会从应用配置的Realm中查找用户及其权限信息。从这个意义上讲,Realm实质上是一个安全相关的DAO:它封装了数据源的连接细节,并在需要时将相关数据提供给Shiro。当配置Shiro时,你必须至少指定一个Realm,用于认证和(或)授权。配置多个Realm是可以的,但是至少需要一个。
Shiro内置了可以连接大量安全数据源(又名目录)的Realm,如LDAP、关系数据库(JDBC)、类似INI的文本配置资源以及属性文件等。如果缺省的Realm不能满足需求,你还可以插入代表自定义数据源的自己的Realm实现。
3,基本功能点:
Authentication:身份认证 / 登录,验证用户是不是拥有相应的身份;
Authorization:授权,即权限验证,验证某个已认证的用户是否拥有某个权限;即判断用户是否能做事情,常见的如:验证某个用户是否拥有某个角色。或者细粒度的验证某个用户对某个资源是否具有某个权限;
Session Management:会话管理,即用户登录后就是一次会话,在没有退出之前,它的所有信息都在会话中;会话可以是普通 JavaSE 环境的,也可以是如 Web 环境的;
Cryptography:加密,保护数据的安全性,如密码加密存储到数据库,而不是明文存储;
Web Support:Web 支持,可以非常容易的集成到 Web 环境;
Caching:缓存,比如用户登录后,其用户信息、拥有的角色 / 权限不必每次去查,这样可以提高效率;
Concurrency:shiro 支持多线程应用的并发验证,即如在一个线程中开启另一个线程,能把权限自动传播过去;
Testing:提供测试支持;
Run As:允许一个用户假装为另一个用户(如果他们允许)的身份进行访问;
Remember Me:记住我,这个是非常常见的功能,即一次登录后,下次再来的话不用登录了。
4,springboot集成shiro框架和mybatis框架,以及Thymeleaf模板:
1,创建一个springboot项目。
2,导入相关依赖:
org.apache.shiro
shiro-spring
1.8.0
com.github.theborakompanioni thymeleaf-extras-shiro 2.0.0 mysql mysql-connector-java log4j log4j 1.2.17 com.alibaba druid 1.1.12 org.mybatis.spring.boot mybatis-spring-boot-starter 2.1.0 org.projectlombok lombok org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf 2.6.1
3,创建各个类
bean
package com.bean;import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Student {private int id;private String name;private String password;private String perms;
}
service
接口:
package com.secvice;import com.bean.Student;public interface IStudentService {public Student queryStudentByName(String name); }实现类:
package com.secvice;import com.bean.Student; import com.mapper.StudentMapper; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;@Service public class StudentServiceImpl implements IStudentService {@AutowiredStudentMapper studentMapper;@Overridepublic Student queryStudentByName(String name) {return studentMapper.queryStudentByName(name);} }
controller
package com.controller;import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.IncorrectCredentialsException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.UnknownAccountException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.UsernamePasswordToken;
import org.apache.shiro.session.Session;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;@Controller
public class MyController {@RequestMapping({"/index","/"})public String index(Model model){model.addAttribute("msg","hello shiro!!!");return "index";}@RequestMapping("/user/add")public String add(){return "user/add";}@RequestMapping("/user/update")public String update(){return "user/update";}@RequestMapping("/toLogin")public String toLogin(){return "login";}@RequestMapping("/login")public String login(String username,String password,Model model){//获取当前的用户Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();//用于封装用户的登录数据UsernamePasswordToken usernamePasswordToken= new UsernamePasswordToken(username,password);try{subject.login(usernamePasswordToken);//执行登录方法,如果没有异常说明OKreturn "index";}catch (UnknownAccountException u){//用户名不存在model.addAttribute("msges","用户名错误!!!");return "login";}catch (IncorrectCredentialsException i){model.addAttribute("msges","密码错误!!!");return "login";}}@RequestMapping("/unauthorized")@ResponseBodypublic String unauthorized(){return "未经授权不可登录!!!";}
}
mapper
mapper接口类:package com.mapper;import com.bean.Student; import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper; import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;@Repository @Mapper public interface StudentMapper {public Student queryStudentByName(String name);} mapper.xml:
HTML页面:
index.html
首页 首页
login.html
登录
add.html和update.html
add.html:增加 增加
update.html:修改 修改
application.properties
mybatis.type-aliases-package=com.bean mybatis.mapper-locations=classpath:mapper/*.xml
application.yml
spring:datasource:username: rootpassword: root#?serverTimezone=UTC解决时区的报错url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?serverTimezone=UTC&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Drivertype: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource#Spring Boot 默认是不注入这些属性值的,需要自己绑定#druid 数据源专有配置initialSize: 5minIdle: 5maxActive: 20maxWait: 60000timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis: 60000minEvictableIdleTimeMillis: 300000validationQuery: SELECT 1 FROM DUALtestWhileIdle: truetestOnBorrow: falsetestOnReturn: falsepoolPreparedStatements: true#配置监控统计拦截的filters,stat:监控统计、log4j:日志记录、wall:防御sql注入#如果允许时报错 java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.apache.log4j.Priority#则导入 log4j 依赖即可,Maven 地址:https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/log4j/log4jfilters: stat,wall,log4jmaxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize: 20useGlobalDataSourceStat: trueconnectionProperties: druid.stat.mergeSql=true;druid.stat.slowSqlMillis=500
ShiroConfig配置类:
package com.config;import at.pollux.thymeleaf.shiro.dialect.ShiroDialect;
import org.apache.shiro.spring.web.ShiroFilterFactoryBean;
import org.apache.shiro.web.mgt.DefaultWebSecurityManager;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.Map;@Configuration
public class ShiroConfig {//ShiroFilterFactoryBean@Beanpublic ShiroFilterFactoryBean shiroFilterFactoryBean(@Qualifier("defaultWebSecurityManager") DefaultWebSecurityManager defaultWebSecurityManager){ShiroFilterFactoryBean shiroFilterFactoryBean=new ShiroFilterFactoryBean();//设置安全管理器shiroFilterFactoryBean.setSecurityManager(defaultWebSecurityManager);//添加shiro的内置过滤器/*anon:无需认证就可以访问* authc:必须认证了才能访问* user:必须有记住我功能才能使用* perms:拥有对某个资源的权限才能访问* role:拥有某个角色权限才能访问** */Map filterChainDefinitionMap=new LinkedHashMap<>();
// filterChainDefinitionMap.put("/user/add","authc");
// filterChainDefinitionMap.put("/user/update","authc");//授权,正常情况下,没有授权会跳到授权页面filterChainDefinitionMap.put("/user/add","perms[user:add]");filterChainDefinitionMap.put("/user/update","perms[user:update]");filterChainDefinitionMap.put("/user/*","authc");shiroFilterFactoryBean.setFilterChainDefinitionMap(filterChainDefinitionMap);//跳转到登录页面shiroFilterFactoryBean.setLoginUrl("/toLogin");//跳转到未授权页面shiroFilterFactoryBean.setUnauthorizedUrl("/unauthorized");return shiroFilterFactoryBean;}//DafaultWebSecurityManager@Bean//@Qualifier("userRealm")和userRealm关联public DefaultWebSecurityManager defaultWebSecurityManager(@Qualifier("userRealm") UserRealm userRealm){DefaultWebSecurityManager defaultWebSecurityManager=new DefaultWebSecurityManager();//关联userRealmdefaultWebSecurityManager.setRealm(userRealm);return defaultWebSecurityManager;}//创建realm 对象 ,需要自定义类@Beanpublic UserRealm userRealm(){return new UserRealm();}//整合shiro和thymeleaf模版@Beanpublic ShiroDialect shiroDialect(){return new ShiroDialect();}}
UserRealm类:
package com.config;import com.bean.Student;
import com.secvice.IStudentService;
import org.apache.catalina.security.SecurityUtil;
import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.*;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.SimpleAuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.session.Session;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollection;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;public class UserRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {@AutowiredIStudentService studentService;//授权@Overrideprotected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principalCollection) {System.out.println("执行了==>授权doGetAuthorizationInfo");SimpleAuthorizationInfo info = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo();//授权add页面info.addStringPermission("user:add");//拿到当前登录的对象Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();//拿到student对象Student currentStudent = (Student) subject.getPrincipal();//添加权限访问info.addStringPermission(currentStudent.getPerms());return info;}//认证@Overrideprotected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authenticationToken) throws AuthenticationException {System.out.println("执行了==>认证doGetAuthenticationInfo");//获取登录用户的令牌,名字UsernamePasswordToken authenticationToken1 = (UsernamePasswordToken) authenticationToken;//连接数据库真实数据:用户名 密码Student student = studentService.queryStudentByName(authenticationToken1.getUsername());//判断数据库查询出来的不为空,为空则返回报错if(student==null){return null;}Subject currentSubject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();Session session = currentSubject.getSession();session.setAttribute("loginStudent",student);//密码认证,shiro自己判断return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(student,student.getPassword(),"");}
}
数据库表,如图:

创建包文件大概如下:

以上大概是shiro的学习总结!!!