Spring给我们提供了一种当bean销毁时调用某个方法的方式。那么,Spring底层到底是如何实现的呢?接下来,我们将从源码+案例的方式来解析:spring如何实现当bean销毁时调用某个方法的。
当spring容器关闭的时候(调用close())方法的时候,那么对于实现destroy方法的bean,就会开始执行各自自定义的销毁逻辑。
提示:
是spring容器关闭的时候调用bean销毁逻辑,不是垃圾回收、程序意外终止、程序正常终止…的时候。
1、注册DisposableBeans。在‘初始化后’会对BeanDefinition进行判断,判断该BeanDefinition是否具备destroy方法,如果具备则把BeanDefinition注册到DisposableBeans。具体如何判断的,我们下面会讲;

2、执行destroy方法。当调用close方法的时候,会遍历DisposableBeans执行每一个销毁方法。
此处不仅仅写了代码示例,也把源码贴出来进行验证。
代码示例:
@Component
public class UserService {@Autowiredprivate OrderService orderService;public void test(){System.out.println(orderService);}@PreDestroypublic void myDestroyUserServiceMethod () {System.out.println("UserService#myDestroyUserServiceMethod");}
}
源码:
protected boolean requiresDestruction(Object bean, RootBeanDefinition mbd) {// hasDestroyMethod: 实现了DisposableBean或者AutoCloseable接口 ,或者创建bean的时候手动指定了销毁方法( 比如@Bean(destroyMethod = "destory")、xml中的bean标签中指定destroyMethod)return (bean.getClass() != NullBean.class && (DisposableBeanAdapter.hasDestroyMethod(bean, mbd) ||// @PreDestroy注解(hasDestructionAwareBeanPostProcessors() && DisposableBeanAdapter.hasApplicableProcessors(bean, getBeanPostProcessorCache().destructionAware))));}
代码调试:
CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor:
UserService#myDestroyUserServiceMethod销毁方法在Spring容器启动的时候就已经被记录在CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor中了,当调用org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory#requiresDestruction判断该bean是否定义销毁逻辑的时候返回的是true:

代码示例:
@Component
public class UserService implements DisposableBean {@Autowiredprivate OrderService orderService;public void test(){System.out.println(orderService);}@Overridepublic void destroy () {System.out.println("UserService#destroy");}
}
源码:
public static boolean hasDestroyMethod(Object bean, RootBeanDefinition beanDefinition) {// 是否实现了这两个接口中的一个if (bean instanceof DisposableBean || bean instanceof AutoCloseable) {return true;}// 判断BeanDefinition是否指定了销毁方法return inferDestroyMethodIfNecessary(bean, beanDefinition) != null;}
源码调试:
UserService 实现了 DisposableBean 接口,所以DisposableBeanAdapter.hasDestroyMethod(bean, mbd)返回true,且可以发现CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor#lifecycleMetadataCache集合中的UserService.class并没指定destroyMethods:

手动指定dstroy方法有两种方式:
1、@Bean注解方式指定destroyMethod;
2、XML文件中< bean >标签里面指定destry-method;
public class OrderService {public void destroy () {System.out.println("OrderService#destroy");}
}
@ComponentScan("com.cms")
public class AppConfig {@Bean(destroyMethod = "destroy")public OrderService createOrderService () {return new OrderService();}}

代码示例:
public class OrderService {// 必须是close方法public void close () {System.out.println("OrderService#destroy");}
}
@ComponentScan("com.cms")
public class AppConfig {@Bean(destroyMethod = "(inferred)")public OrderService createOrderService () {return new OrderService();}}
源码:
@Nullableprivate static String inferDestroyMethodIfNecessary(Object bean, RootBeanDefinition beanDefinition) {// 判断BeanDefinition是否指定了销毁方法(比如创建bean的时候(@Bean、xml),手动指定destroyMethod)String destroyMethodName = beanDefinition.resolvedDestroyMethodName;// 下面这种定义销毁的方式,不常用。流程:先定义销毁方法-(inferred) ,然后调用close方法。if (destroyMethodName == null) {destroyMethodName = beanDefinition.getDestroyMethodName(); //if (AbstractBeanDefinition.INFER_METHOD.equals(destroyMethodName) ||(destroyMethodName == null && bean instanceof AutoCloseable)) {// Only perform destroy method inference or Closeable detection// in case of the bean not explicitly implementing DisposableBeandestroyMethodName = null;if (!(bean instanceof DisposableBean)) {try {destroyMethodName = bean.getClass().getMethod(CLOSE_METHOD_NAME).getName();}catch (NoSuchMethodException ex) {try {destroyMethodName = bean.getClass().getMethod(SHUTDOWN_METHOD_NAME).getName();}catch (NoSuchMethodException ex2) {// no candidate destroy method found}}}}beanDefinition.resolvedDestroyMethodName = (destroyMethodName != null ? destroyMethodName : "");}return (StringUtils.hasLength(destroyMethodName) ? destroyMethodName : null);}
@Component
public class MyMergeBdfPostProcesser implements MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor {@Overridepublic void postProcessMergedBeanDefinition(RootBeanDefinition beanDefinition, Class> beanType, String beanName) {if (beanName.equals("myDisposableBean3")){beanDefinition.setDestroyMethodName("a");}}
}@Component
public class MyDisposableBean3 {public void a() {System.out.println("MyMergeBdfPostProcesser-后置处理器销毁");}
}
或者
@Component
public class MyMergeBdfPostProcesser2 implements MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor {@Overridepublic void postProcessMergedBeanDefinition(RootBeanDefinition beanDefinition, Class> beanType, String beanName) {if (beanName.equals("myDisposableBean4")){beanDefinition.setDestroyMethodName("(inferred)");}}
}@Component
public class MyDisposableBean4 {// public void close() {
// System.out.println("close销毁");
// }public void shutdown() {System.out.println("shutdown销毁");}
}
1、原型bean即使定义了销毁方法,但是执行不会调用销毁方法。
源码位置:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory#doCreateBean
// 只做一件事情:注册实现了'销毁'方法的bean。
registerDisposableBeanIfNecessary(beanName, bean, mbd);
protected void registerDisposableBeanIfNecessary(String beanName, Object bean, RootBeanDefinition mbd) {AccessControlContext acc = (System.getSecurityManager() != null ? getAccessControlContext() : null);// if(不是'多例'bean && 有销毁方法)if (!mbd.isPrototype() && requiresDestruction(bean, mbd)) {if (mbd.isSingleton()) {// Register a DisposableBean implementation that performs all destruction// work for the given bean: DestructionAwareBeanPostProcessors,// DisposableBean interface, custom destroy method.registerDisposableBean(beanName, new DisposableBeanAdapter(bean, beanName, mbd, getBeanPostProcessorCache().destructionAware, acc));}else {// A bean with a custom scope...Scope scope = this.scopes.get(mbd.getScope());if (scope == null) {throw new IllegalStateException("No Scope registered for scope name '" + mbd.getScope() + "'");}scope.registerDestructionCallback(beanName, new DisposableBeanAdapter(bean, beanName, mbd, getBeanPostProcessorCache().destructionAware, acc));}}}