Redis（五）整合：SpringBoot如何整合Redis？

前言
SpringBoot应该不用过多介绍了吧！是Spring当前最火的一个框架，既然学习了Redis，我们肯定是要在实际项目中使用，那么肯定首选整合SpringBoot啦！

简单介绍下SpringBoot对Jedis的支持吧，在1.×版本的时候，SpringBoot的底层还是使用Jedis来连接Redis的，但是在2.×版本后，就换成了Lettuce。两者的区别如下：
Jedis: 采用的直连，多个线程操作的话，是不安全的，如果想要避免不安全的，使用 jedis pool 连接池！ 更像 BIO 模式！
Lettuce: 采用netty，实例可以再多个线程中进行共享，不存在线程不安全的情况！可以减少线程数据了，更像 NIO 模式！
添加POM依赖：

org.springframework.bootspring-boot-starter-data-redis2.1.7.RELEASEcom.alibabafastjson1.2.54compileorg.projectlomboklombok1.18.10compile

@SpringBootTest
public class testRedis {@Autowired(required = false)private RedisTemplate redisTemplate;@Testvoid getName(){redisTemplate.opsForValue().set("name","dadadingdada!");System.out.println(redisTemplate.opsForValue().get("name"));}
}运行效果如下！证明Redis连接成功！并且加数据获取数据也成功了！
dadadingdada!

1. 其他方法如下：

   // redisTemplate  #操作不同的数据类型，api和我们的指令是一样的 
   // opsForValue  #操作字符串 类似String 
   // opsForList  #操作List 类似List 
   // opsForSet  #操作set
   // opsForHash  #操作hash
   // opsForZSet  #操作zset
   // opsForGeo   #操作geo
   // opsForHyperLogLog  #操作HyperLogLog
   // 除了进本的操作，我们常用的方法都可以直接通过redisTemplate操作，比如事务，和基本的 CRUD 
   // 获取redis的连接对象 
   // RedisConnection connection = redisTemplate.getConnectionFactory().getConnection(); 
   // connection.flushDb(); 
   // connection.flushAll();
   

   证明如果是用基本RedisTemplate类来操作Redis的话，是基本上可以达到所有的效果的，因为具体方法和命令大体一致！

   1. 对象的保存和读取
      新增一个User类：

import lombok.Data;@Data
public class User {private String name;private Integer age;private Integer high;
}

测试代码如下：

@Testvoid setObject(){User user = new User();user.setName("dingdada");user.setAge(23);user.setHigh(172);redisTemplate.opsForValue().set("user",user);System.out.println(redisTemplate.opsForValue().get("user"));}

报错如下：

org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.SerializationException: Cannot serialize; nested exception is org.springframework.core.serializer.support.SerializationFailedException: Failed to serialize object using DefaultSerializer; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: DefaultSerializer requires a Serializable payload but received an object of type [com.sh.jedis.User]at org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.JdkSerializationRedisSerializer.serialize(JdkSerializationRedisSerializer.java:96)at org.springframework.data.redis.core.AbstractOperations.rawValue(AbstractOperations.java:128)at org.springframework.data.redis.core.DefaultValueOperations.set(DefaultValueOperations.java:304)at com.sh.jedis.testRedis.setObject(testRedis.java:26)at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)at org.junit.platform.commons.util.ReflectionUtils.invokeMethod(ReflectionUtils.java:725)at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.MethodInvocation.proceed(MethodInvocation.java:60)at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain$ValidatingInvocation.proceed(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:131)at org.junit.jupiter.engine.extension.TimeoutExtension.intercept(TimeoutExtension.java:149)at org.junit.jupiter.engine.extension.TimeoutExtension.interceptTestableMethod(TimeoutExtension.java:140)at org.junit.jupiter.engine.extension.TimeoutExtension.interceptTestMethod(TimeoutExtension.java:84)at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExecutableInvoker$ReflectiveInterceptorCall.lambda$ofVoidMethod$0(ExecutableInvoker.java:115)at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExecutableInvoker.lambda$invoke$0(ExecutableInvoker.java:105)at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain$InterceptedInvocation.proceed(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:106)at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain.proceed(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:64)at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain.chainAndInvoke(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:45)at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain.invoke(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:37)at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExecutableInvoker.invoke(ExecutableInvoker.java:104)at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExecutableInvoker.invoke(ExecutableInvoker.java:98)at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.lambda$invokeTestMethod$7(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:214)at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.invokeTestMethod(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:210)at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.execute(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:135)at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.execute(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:66)at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$6(NodeTestTask.java:151)at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$8(NodeTestTask.java:141)at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.Node.around(Node.java:137)at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$9(NodeTestTask.java:139)at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:138)at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:95)at java.util.ArrayList.forEach(ArrayList.java:1249)at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.invokeAll(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:41)at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$6(NodeTestTask.java:155)at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$8(NodeTestTask.java:141)at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.Node.around(Node.java:137)at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$9(NodeTestTask.java:139)at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:138)at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:95)at java.util.ArrayList.forEach(ArrayList.java:1249)at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.invokeAll(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:41)at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$6(NodeTestTask.java:155)at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$8(NodeTestTask.java:141)at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.Node.around(Node.java:137)at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$9(NodeTestTask.java:139)at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:138)at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:95)at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.submit(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:35)at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.HierarchicalTestExecutor.execute(HierarchicalTestExecutor.java:57)at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.HierarchicalTestEngine.execute(HierarchicalTestEngine.java:54)at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.EngineExecutionOrchestrator.execute(EngineExecutionOrchestrator.java:107)at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.EngineExecutionOrchestrator.execute(EngineExecutionOrchestrator.java:88)at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.EngineExecutionOrchestrator.lambda$execute$0(EngineExecutionOrchestrator.java:54)at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.EngineExecutionOrchestrator.withInterceptedStreams(EngineExecutionOrchestrator.java:67)at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.EngineExecutionOrchestrator.execute(EngineExecutionOrchestrator.java:52)at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:114)at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:86)at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncherSession$DelegatingLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncherSession.java:86)at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.SessionPerRequestLauncher.execute(SessionPerRequestLauncher.java:53)at com.intellij.junit5.JUnit5IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit5IdeaTestRunner.java:71)at com.intellij.rt.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater$1.execute(IdeaTestRunner.java:38)at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.TestsRepeater.repeat(TestsRepeater.java:11)at com.intellij.rt.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:35)at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:235)at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:54)
Caused by: org.springframework.core.serializer.support.SerializationFailedException: Failed to serialize object using DefaultSerializer; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: DefaultSerializer requires a Serializable payload but received an object of type [com.sh.jedis.User]at org.springframework.core.serializer.support.SerializingConverter.convert(SerializingConverter.java:64)at org.springframework.core.serializer.support.SerializingConverter.convert(SerializingConverter.java:33)at org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.JdkSerializationRedisSerializer.serialize(JdkSerializationRedisSerializer.java:94)... 72 more
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: DefaultSerializer requires a Serializable payload but received an object of type [com.sh.jedis.User]at org.springframework.core.serializer.DefaultSerializer.serialize(DefaultSerializer.java:43)at org.springframework.core.serializer.Serializer.serializeToByteArray(Serializer.java:56)at org.springframework.core.serializer.support.SerializingConverter.convert(SerializingConverter.java:60)... 74 more

结论：所以在操作Redis中，关于对象的保存我们得序列化才可以正常操作！
\6. 自定义封装RedisTemplate类
上面说了大体上可以实现，但是为了在工作中更容易操作Redis，我们一般重新封装RedisTemplate类，如下所示：

com.fasterxml.jackson.corejackson-databind2.10.0

springboot2.7.5

会报这个错误

Could not autowire. No beans of ‘RedisConnectionFactory’ type found.

减低版本就可以了

@Configuration
public class RedisConfig {// 这是我给大家写好的一个固定模板，大家在企业中，拿去就可以直接使用！// 自己定义了一个RedisTemplate@Beanpublic RedisTemplate redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory factory){// 我们为了自己开发方便，一般直接使用 RedisTemplate template = new RedisTemplate();template.setConnectionFactory(factory);// Json序列化配置Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer jackson2JsonRedisSerializer = new Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer(Object.class);ObjectMapper om = new ObjectMapper();om.setVisibility(PropertyAccessor.ALL, JsonAutoDetect.Visibility.ANY);om.enableDefaultTyping(ObjectMapper.DefaultTyping.NON_FINAL);jackson2JsonRedisSerializer.setObjectMapper(om);// String 的序列化StringRedisSerializer stringRedisSerializer = new StringRedisSerializer();// key采用String的序列化方式template.setKeySerializer(stringRedisSerializer);// hash的key也采用String的序列化方式template.setHashKeySerializer(stringRedisSerializer);// value序列化方式采用jacksontemplate.setValueSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer);// hash的value序列化方式采用jacksontemplate.setHashValueSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer);template.afterPropertiesSet();return template;}
}序列化完成后我们再试试对象的添加获取：
User(name=dingdada, age=23, high=172)

封装RedisUtils类：
在实际工作中，我们不可能用RedisTemplate 来操作Redis的，因为实在太繁琐，所以我们一般自定义一个RedisUtils工具类来操作Redis

@Component
public final class RedisUtil {@Resourceprivate RedisTemplate redisTemplate;public Set keys(String keys){try {return redisTemplate.keys(keys);}catch (Exception e){e.printStackTrace();return null;}}/*** 指定缓存失效时间* @param key 键* @param time 时间(秒)* @return*/public boolean expire(String key, long time) {try {if (time > 0) {redisTemplate.expire(key, time, TimeUnit.SECONDS);}return true;} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();return false;}}/*** 根据key 获取过期时间* @param key 键 不能为null* @return 时间(秒) 返回0代表为永久有效*/public long getExpire(String key) {return redisTemplate.getExpire(key, TimeUnit.SECONDS);}/*** 判断key是否存在* @param key 键* @return true 存在 false不存在*/public boolean hasKey(String key) {try {return redisTemplate.hasKey(key);} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();return false;}}/*** 删除缓存* @param key 可以传一个值 或多个*/@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")public void del(String... key) {if (key != null && key.length > 0) {if (key.length == 1) {redisTemplate.delete(key[0]);} else {redisTemplate.delete((Collection) CollectionUtils.arrayToList(key));}}}/*** 普通缓存获取* @param key 键* @return 值*/public Object get(String key) {return key == null ? null : redisTemplate.opsForValue().get(key);}/*** 普通缓存放入* @param key 键* @param value 值* @return true成功 false失败*/public boolean set(String key, Object value) {try {redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(key, value);return true;} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();return false;}}/*** 普通缓存放入, 不存在放入，存在返回* @param key 键* @param value 值* @return true成功 false失败*/public boolean setnx(String key, Object value) {try {redisTemplate.opsForValue().setIfAbsent(key,value);return true;} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();return false;}}/*** 普通缓存放入并设置时间* @param key 键* @param value 值* @param time 时间(秒) time要大于0 如果time小于等于0 将设置无限期* @return true成功 false 失败*/public boolean set(String key, Object value, long time) {try {if (time > 0) {redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(key, value, time, TimeUnit.SECONDS);} else {set(key, value);}return true;} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();return false;}}/*** 普通缓存放入并设置时间,不存在放入，存在返回* @param key 键* @param value 值* @param time 时间(秒) time要大于0 如果time小于等于0 将设置无限期* @return true成功 false 失败*/public boolean setnx(String key, Object value, long time) {try {if (time > 0) {redisTemplate.opsForValue().setIfAbsent(key, value, time, TimeUnit.SECONDS);} else {set(key, value);}return true;} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();return false;}}/*** 递增* @param key 键* @param delta 要增加几(大于0)* @return*/public long incr(String key, long delta) {if (delta < 0) {throw new RuntimeException("递增因子必须大于0");}return redisTemplate.opsForValue().increment(key, delta);}/*** 递减* @param key 键* @param delta 要减少几(小于0)* @return*/public long decr(String key, long delta) {if (delta < 0) {throw new RuntimeException("递减因子必须大于0");}return redisTemplate.opsForValue().increment(key, -delta);}/*** HashGet* @param key 键 不能为null* @param item 项 不能为null* @return 值*/public Object hget(String key, String item) {return redisTemplate.opsForHash().get(key, item);}/*** 获取hashKey对应的所有键值* @param key 键* @return 对应的多个键值*/public Map hmget(String key) {return redisTemplate.opsForHash().entries(key);}/*** HashSet* @param key 键* @param map 对应多个键值* @return true 成功 false 失败*/public boolean hmset(String key, Map map) {try {redisTemplate.opsForHash().putAll(key, map);return true;} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();return false;}}/*** HashSet 并设置时间* @param key 键* @param map 对应多个键值* @param time 时间(秒)* @return true成功 false失败*/public boolean hmset(String key, Map map, long time) {try {redisTemplate.opsForHash().putAll(key, map);if (time > 0) {expire(key, time);}return true;} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();return false;}}/*** 向一张hash表中放入数据,如果不存在将创建* @param key 键* @param item 项* @param value 值* @return true 成功 false失败*/public boolean hset(String key, String item, Object value) {try {redisTemplate.opsForHash().put(key, item, value);return true;} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();return false;}}/*** 向一张hash表中放入数据,如果不存在将创建* @param key 键* @param item 项* @param value 值* @param time 时间(秒) 注意:如果已存在的hash表有时间,这里将会替换原有的时间* @return true 成功 false失败*/public boolean hset(String key, String item, Object value, long time) {try {redisTemplate.opsForHash().put(key, item, value);if (time > 0) {expire(key, time);}return true;} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();return false;}}/*** 删除hash表中的值* @param key 键 不能为null* @param item 项 可以使多个 不能为null*/public void hdel(String key, Object... item) {redisTemplate.opsForHash().delete(key, item);}/*** 判断hash表中是否有该项的值* @param key 键 不能为null* @param item 项 不能为null* @return true 存在 false不存在*/public boolean hHasKey(String key, String item) {return redisTemplate.opsForHash().hasKey(key, item);}/*** hash递增 如果不存在,就会创建一个 并把新增后的值返回* @param key 键* @param item 项* @param by 要增加几(大于0)* @return*/public double hincr(String key, String item, double by) {return redisTemplate.opsForHash().increment(key, item, by);}/*** hash递减* @param key 键* @param item 项* @param by 要减少记(小于0)* @return*/public double hdecr(String key, String item, double by) {return redisTemplate.opsForHash().increment(key, item, -by);}/*** 根据key获取Set中的所有值* @param key 键* @return*/public Set